Optimizing the Creative Problem Solving Learning Model to Enhance Students’ Critical Thinking Skills

Authors

  • Fasyawalyra Putri Arvina Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung
  • Muhammad Akmansyah Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung
  • Era Octafiona Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.53802/hikmah.v22i2.611

Keywords:

Creative Problem Solving, Critical Thinking, Islamic Religious Education

Abstract

The low level of critical thinking skills among students in Islamic Religious Education remains a serious problem, mainly due to the dominance of conventional teacher-centered learning methods. In response to this problem, this study examines the application of the Creative Problem Solving learning model in improving the critical thinking skills of students in Islamic Religious Education at SMP IT Cahaya Ilmu, Bandar Lampung. This study used a quasi-experimental design involving an experimental group and a control group. Data collection was conducted through pre-tests and post-tests, observations, and questionnaires. The results showed that the application of the Creative Problem Solving model significantly improved students' critical thinking skills, particularly in problem solving and the application of Islamic Religious Education concepts. In addition, Creative Problem Solving was also able to increase students' active involvement and deepen their understanding of Islamic values. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of integrating problem-solving-based learning models into the Islamic Religious Education curriculum as a strategic effort to respond to the demands of 21st-century learning and shape students who are critical, reflective, and have Islamic character.

Author Biographies

Muhammad Akmansyah, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Department of Islamic Education

Era Octafiona, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Department of Islamic Education

References

Afifah, F. N., Setiowati, L., Audry, T. E., Kuswardi, Y., & Sumarni. (2024). Penerapan Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Kepercayaan Diri dan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik. Edukatif, 6(5), 6035–6047.

Arfandi, A., Wulandari, S. A., & Muis, M. M. A. (2023). Assessing the Impact of Creative Problem-Solving Educational Models on Students ’ Ability to Think Creatively. Atlantis Press SARL. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-084-8

Arlingga, I. F., Yuhana, Y., & Yandari, I. A. V. (2024). Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Pada Pembelajaran Matematika. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Citra Bakti, 11(2), 464–474. https://doi.org/10.38048/jipcb.v11i2.3453

Azmi, N., & Khaira, W. (2024a). Efektifitas Model Pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving untuk Meningkatkan Proses Pembelajaran Siswa. Journal Of Social Science Research, 4(3), 7858–7867.

Azmi, N., & Khaira, W. (2024b). Efektifitas Model Pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving untuk Meningkatkan Proses Pembelajaran Siswa. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 4(3), 7858–7867. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v4i3.11141

Cisnaulin, D. P. (2025). The Effect of Creative Problem Solving Learning Model Assisted by Google Sites on Creative Thinking Ability in Geography Learning. 02(01).

Darmawati, Y., & Mustadi, A. (2023). The Effect of Problem-Based Learning on the Critical Thinking Skills of Elementary School Students. Jurnal Prima Edukasi, 11(2), 142–151. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jpe.v11i2.55620

Departement, B., Mathematics, F., Sciences, N., Padang, U. N., Barat, A. T., Utara, K. P., & Barat, S. (2023). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif para Peserta Didik. Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi, 3(2), 22–28.

Dewantari, A. D. W., & Oktaviani, R. N. (2025). Peran guru sebagai fasilitator untuk menumbuhkan keterampilan 4C (Critical Thingking, Creativity, Communication, and Collaboration) Siswa Kelas 2 Melalui Pembelajaran P5. Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 10(04), 590–604. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23969/jp.v10i4.37742

Fadhilah, A. S., Shakhiba, S., Nanda, A., & Bashith, A. (2025). Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Kreatif Siswa Melalui Inovasi Pembelajaran PAI Berbasis Cooperative Learning. Jurnal Pnedidikan Agama Islam Dan Budi Pekerti, 7(2), 376–386.

Fahrisa, N., & Parmin. (2022). Creative Problem Solving (CPS) Learning to Improve Ability an Strudent’s Critical and Creative Thinking on Science Materials. Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 2(2), 98–105. https://doi.org/10.15294/jese.v2i2.55641

Fauziah, Z., Shofiyuddin, A., & Iswati, Y. (2023). Efektivitas Pembelajaran CPS ( Creative Problem Solving ) terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Tingkat Tinggi Siswa Madrasah Tsanawiyah Plus Nabawi Kedungadem Pada Mata Pelajaran Fiqih. Al-Aufa: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Kajian Keislaman, 05(01), 59–69.

Firmansyah, F., Ali, M., Rosad, A., Fauzi, M., & Husni, M. (2025). Self-Instruction in Islamic Religious Education Learning : Improving Critical Thinking and Student Motivation. Islamic Education Journal, 9(1), 39–50. https://doi.org/10.21070/halaqa.v9i1.1714

Ilma, M. U., Ismatullah, A., & Rosadi, A. (2025). Pendekatan Konstruktivis Dalam Desain Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, 4(1), 108–123.

Kurniasari, I., & Fauziah, H. N. (2022). Model Pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving (CPS) Berbasis Socioscientific untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Reflektif Peserta Didik. Jurnal Tadris IPA Indonesia, 2(3), 272–282.

Marjusa, P. P., Fatoni, A., & Hasanah, U. (2025). Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving terhadap Kreativitas Belajar PAI pada Peserta Didik. Modeling: Jurnal Program Studi PGMI, 12(04), 229–246. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.69896/modeling.v12i4.3035

Martes, F., Patta, R., & Hartoto. (2024). Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning untuk Meningkatkan Sikap Percaya Diri Siswa Sekolah Dasar Kelas VI di Kota Makassar. Pinisi Journal of Education, 4(3), 27–33.

Muhyidin, A., As’adurrofiq, & Amin, A. (2025). Strategi Pembelajaran PAI Yang Inovatif Untuk Meningkatkan dan Karakter Peserta Didik. Journal of Humanities, Social Sciences, And Education, 1(9), 101–113.

Nasution, R. A., Fauzi, F., Harahap, I., & Anggara, W. (2025). The Role Of Education In Human Resource Development In The Context Of Economic Development : A Review. Proceeding International Seminar on Islamic Studies, 6(1), 2028–2035.

Noer, S. T. L. F., & Fitria, N. L. (2024). Harmonizing Tradition and Modernity : Teaching Critical Thinking in Islamic Religious Education. International Journal of Arts and Social Science, 7(12), 179–186.

Nuraeni, Y., Sandong, A. E., Witantri, L., Sakinah, R. A., & Mahpudloh, S. N. (2025). Peran Guru dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Sekolah Dasar melalui Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah. Cendekia Pendidikan, 11(8), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.9644/-sindoro.v3i9.252

Nursobah, A., Erihadiana, M., Ismail, D. S., & Suharna, A. (2025). Implementasi Pendidikan Agama Islam Dalam Kurikulum Nasional. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 10(1), 210–235.

Nuruni’mah, A. (2025). Metode inkuiri dalam pembelajaran pendidikan agama islam. Biannual Conference On Islamic Education, 4(1), 37–56.

Octadianti, L., Hidajat, F. A., & Hakim, L. El. (2023). Studi Literatur : Creative Problem Solving Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kreatif dan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa. Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Matematika Jakarta, 5(2), 29–44.

Patras, Y. E., Yolanita, C., Wildan, D. A., & Fajrudin, L. (2024). Pembelajaran Berbasis STEM di Sekolah Dasar Guna Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Dalam Rangka Menyongsong Pencapaian Kompetensi Siswa Abad 21. Jurnal Ilmiah Kependidikan, 12(2), 857–867.

Pauzi, A., & Jasiah. (2025). Peran Refleksi dalam Pembelajaran PAI untuk Mendorong Berpikir Kritis Siswa. At-Tarbiyah: Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pendidikan Agama Islam, 2(2), 160–165.

Prihantoro, W. K., & Ata, U. A. (2025). Implementasi Deep Learning untuk Meningkatkan Karakter Religius dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam. Wahyu Kholis Prihantoro, 17(2), 254–266.

Purba, N. D., Gultom, N., Aisyah, Sartika, L., Silalahi, E., & Nura, A. (2025). Analisis Strategi Pengembangan Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Untuk Meningkatkan Daya Saing Organisasi Di Era Globalisasi. Jurnal Rumpun Manajemen Dan Ekonomi, 2(3), 115–123.

Putri, O. W., & Miharja, W. (2023). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika. Juwara Jurnal Wawasan Dan Aksara, 3(2), 144–153. https://doi.org/10.58740/juwara.v3i2.72

Rafi, M., Qameer, N., & Solanen, E. (2025). How Islamic Religious Education Fosters Reflective Thinking Skills in a Multicultural and Democratic Context. MIER: Multicultural Islamic Education Review, 03(02), 231–244.

Rahanyiar, R. (2024). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Di Smp Negeri 21 Malang. 9(8).

Rahanyiar, R., Sudrajat, A., & Al-Ansori, T. (2024a). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam di SMP Negeri 21 Malang. VICRATINA: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 9(8), 13–25.

Rahanyiar, R., Sudrajat, A., & Al-Ansori, T. (2024b). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Di Smp Negeri 21 Malang. Jurnal Pnedidikan Islam, 9(8), 13–25.

Rahmawati, F. (2023). Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran CPS (Creative Problem Solving) terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematis Siswa Kelas V SD Swasta Islam Terpadu Bandar Lampung. Inventa: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 7(1), 20–26. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36456/inventa.7.1.a6988

Rasyidi, A. (2024). Pendidikan Agama Islam dan Peningkatan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis sebagai Pengembang Pemahaman serta Pengamalan Ajaran Islam Kehidupan Sehari-hari. Islamic Education Review, 1(1), 1–21.

Rochim, R. A., Fitriyah, L. A., Af’idah, N., Wijayadi, A. W., Falah, F., & Kuswanti, N. (2024). Validitas Lembar Kerja Mahasiswa Terintegrasi Stem Untuk Melatih Literasi Sains Mahasiswa Pada Materi Gelombang Bunyi. DE_JOURNAL (Dharmas Education Journal), 5(2), 1194–1203.

Rosalinda, Pitia, S., Syuktri, & Kurniati. (2025). Upaya Peran Guru PAI untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa melalui Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam. Jurnal Ilmiah Nusantara (JINU), 2(4), 713–723.

Saed, B. A., Mohammed, K. S., & Aziz, I. A. (2025). The Integration of Scamper and CPS Models in Developing Creative Thinking Skills Among Gifted Students in Kurdistan-Iraq. 486–499.

Safitri, H., Nawangsari, D., & Mustajab. (2025). the Effect of Problem Solving-Based Pai Learning on Students’ Critical Thinking Skills. Islamic Management: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 8(01), 79–92. https://doi.org/10.30868/im.v8i01.7788

Septian, C., Firmansyah, E., Rakhmat, R. S., & Kariadinata, R. (2025). The use of desmos-assisted creative problem-solving learning in improving critical thinking skills. 15(1), 58–70.

Syahril, S. (2025). Shaping Future Muslims: Education, Creativity and Values. International Journal on Advanced Science, Education, and Religion, 8(3), 291–302.

Tarik, A. A., Aziz, A. R., & Asrohah, H. (2025). Pengembangan Transversal Skills Peserta Didik Dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam Di Era Revolusi Industri 4.0. Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Pendidikan Islam, 9(1), 11–22.

Tusriyanto, Siminto, & Azzaakiyyah, H. K. (2024). Innovative Strategies to Enhance the Quality of Higher Education Management : Human Resource Development and the Critical Role of Communication. Journal of Contemporary Administration and Management (ADMAN), 2(1), 331–336.

Ulfa, S. M., & Ali, M. S. (2025). Development of Creative Problem Solving-Based Physics Learning Modules to Improve Students ’ Creative Thinking Skills. 11(9), 245–257. https://doi.org/10.29303-/jppipa.v11i9.12043

Wati, S., Putri, W., & Gusmaneli, G. (2025). Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Analisis Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam. AL-Fihris: Jurnal Inspirasi Pendidikan, 3(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.59246/alfihris.v3i1.1093

Widiastuti, I. A. M. S., Mantra, I. B. N., Utami, I. L. P., Sukanadi, N. L., & Susrawan, I. N. A. (2023). Implementing Problem-based Learning to Develop Students’ Critical and Creative Thinking Skills. JPI (Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia), 12(4), 658–667. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpiundiksha.v12i4.63588

Wijaya, W. M. N., Hasanah, U., Ratna, W. D., Wardani, V., & Ariyani, V. (2024). Application Of Creative Problem Solving Approach In Improving Understanding Of Length Measurement Concepts At Min 14 Nagan Raya. Etnopedadodi: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Kebudayaan, 1(4), 271–282.

Wulandari, R., & Wiarta, I. W. (2022). Model Pembelajaran Creative Problem Solving terhadap Self Confidence dalam Pembelajaran Matematika Kelas V SD. Mimbar Pendidikan Indonesia (MPI), 3(1), 123–131.

Xu, E., Wang, W., & Wang, Q. (2023). The effectiveness of collaborative problem solving in promoting students’ critical thinking: A meta-analysis based on empirical literature. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 10(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-023-01508-1

Yudhawardana, H. (2022). Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Siswa. Haumeni Journal of Education, 2(2), 16–25. https://doi.org/10.64168/cermatika.v2i1.1039

Yusraningsih H. Pongoliu. (2025). Peran Metode Problem-Based Learning (PBL) dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika pada Siswa SDN 1 Limboto Kabupaten Gorontalo. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat dan Riset Pendidikan, 3(4), 4820–4827. https://doi.org/10.31004/-jerkin.v3i4.1350

Zakiyah, S., Robiah, S., Khadijah, I., & Aryani, W. D. (2025). Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah Dalam Pendidikan Agama Islam di SMK Mahaputra Cerdas Utama. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan, 4(4), 1570–1583.

Downloads

Published

2025-12-30

How to Cite

Arvina, F. P., Akmansyah, M., & Octafiona, E. (2025). Optimizing the Creative Problem Solving Learning Model to Enhance Students’ Critical Thinking Skills. Hikmah, 22(2), 457–469. https://doi.org/10.53802/hikmah.v22i2.611